Social determinants of health (SDoH) are the social circumstances that impact and determine health status and are often out of an individual’s control, including the family and community into which a person is born, educational and employment opportunities in that community, and infrastructure—all of which can affect health in positive or negative ways. Identifying the influence of SDoH on program administration is vital in determining the most impactful ways to address substance use. This brief focuses primarily on public health programs.